Detailed analysis indicated predominant WFDC3 expression in ductal cells (Figure S8C), with significantly higher expression in IPMN and PDAC ductal cells compared to normal uninvolved (UNIN) ductal cells (Figure S8D and S8E, ***P < 0.001), supporting a role for WFDC3 in the malignant transformation of ductal cells in PAAD. Here, WFDC3 is linked to pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.