IL10 and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: Cells infected with HTLV-1 secrete IL-10, which can suppress host immune responses through paracrine signaling while supporting the proliferation of ATLL cells through autocrine signaling, achieving a dual effect.149,669 These studies suggest that the excessive secretion of IL-10 helps HTLV-1 infected cells evade host immune surveillance, thereby exacerbating the progression of ATLL (Fig. 10h).