To assess the transcriptome response to TGF-β1 that might inform differences between Smad4+/+ and Smad4Δ/Δ adenoma organoids, bulk paired-end RNA-seq detected 16,143 gene transcripts that we utilised for the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG)(Fig. 3a–h). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is adenoma.