Knockdown of eIF3a gene expression reversed TGFβ3a-induced proliferation of fibroblasts, thereby inhibiting the progression of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats [49], eIF3a plays a crucial role in hypoxia-induced RV remodeling by regulating the TGF-β1-induced proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts, which is mediated via the eIF3a/p27 pathway [16]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis.