This assay revealed distinct patterns of T-cell modulation by different PD-L1 variants, aligning with our IcAR-PD-1 functional bioavailability assay: T-cell degranulation was substantially increased in the presence of ICBs targeting PD-L1 and PD-1 when the T-cells were co-cultured with tumor cells expressing PD-L1Nx4, compared to T-cell co-cultures with PD-L1WT-expressing cells; these findings indicate that PD-L1 N-glycosylation interferes with the ability of ICBs to block PD-L1/PD-1 interactions, and thus to reactivate cytotoxic T-cells. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.