The objective was to analyse whether plasma concentrations of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and phosphorylated Tau231 (p-Tau231) are elevated in patients with CKD and to identify independent predictors of these biomarkers, with an emphasis on the role of measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is chronic kidney disease.