CCL2 and periodontitis: Additionally, given that MCP‐1 expression typically rises in immunoinflammatory conditions, a multitude of studies have documented fluctuations in MCP‐1 levels in the GCF of individuals with and without periodontitis [28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41].