HMGB1 and hyperuricemia: demonstrated that hyperuricemia independently predicts myocardial infarction and stroke (23).Research conducted on endothelial cells from the human umbilical vein discovered that elevated levels of UA trigger oxidative stress and inflammation by impacting the signaling pathway of HMGB1/RAGE, the pathway of NF-κB, the activation of the renin-angiotensin system, the reduction of NO, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (24–26).