Further studies should: (1) define the precise molecular interplay between VDAC1-mediated mitochondrial permeability and cofilin-2-regulated actin dynamics in AD pathogenesis, (2) validate their diagnostic/therapeutic utility as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in clinical cohorts, and (3) assess the therapeutic potential of pharmacological modulation strategies targeting the VDAC1/cofilin-2 pathway in AD treatment. The gene discussed is CFL2; the disease is Alzheimer disease.