For example, adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated delivery has been used in combination with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing techniques to correct mutations in COL4A3 and COL4A5 in cultured podocytes from patients Alport syndrome, as well as to rescue NPHS2 mutations in cultured podocytes from nephrotic syndrome patients (Mason et al., 2022; Daga et al., 2024; Ding et al., 2023). Here, NPHS2 is linked to nephrotic syndrome.