REN and essential hypertension: This review summarises genetic variants of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), angiotensinogen (AGT) (M235T), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (insertion/deletion), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) (A1166C) and aldosterone synthase (C344T) that are known and might contribute towards the pathophysiology of essential hypertension.