In human breast cancer MCF7 cells, copper-induced transactivation of P53 enhances the expression of BAX, a Bcl-2 family member, and the p53-induced gene 3 product, leading to the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores and the subsequent production of ROS.202 This research highlights the mechanism by which copper amplifies P53 transcriptional activity to promote apoptosis. Here, TP53 is linked to breast cancer.