Additionally, lung cancer contains spatially organized stem-immunity hubs that are distinct from mature tertiary lymphoid structures and are enriched with stem-like TCF7+PD-1+CD8+ T cells, activated CCR7+LAMP3+ dendritic cells, CCL19+ fibroblasts, and chemokines that organize these cells, all of which are associated with a response to immunotherapy (Chen et al. 2024). Here, TCF7 is linked to lung carcinoma.