This is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Lidocaine may reduce acute lung injury in sepsis by decreasing apoptotic cells; (2) Lidocaine downregulates the expression of signaling molecules such as JAK2, STAT3, p-STAT3, and Bax in the lung tissue of septic mice, thereby inhibiting the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway; (3) Lidocaine reduces the levels of inflammatory factors such as HMGB1, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum and lung tissue of septic mice, thereby mitigating the inflammatory response. Here, HMGB1 is linked to Sepsis.