NFKB1 and mastitis: As an anti-inflammatory agent, resveratrol plays a crucial role in suppressing inflammatory responses through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by inhibiting p65 phosphorylation and IκB proteins in the NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as p38 and ERK phosphorylation in the MAPK pathway, particularly in inflammatory conditions such as mastitis [29].