SMAD2 and central nervous system cancer: High levels of TGFB2 in glioma cells contributed to the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma, according to observations showing that antisense oligonucleotides, ISTH0047, inhibit TGFB2 expression, resulting in a reduction in glioma cell migration and invasiveness, as well as a decrease in the phosphorylation of the downstream target SMAD2 in various glioma cell lines [9].