First, PDGF‐BB was employed to activate ASMCs; however, other growth factors (e.g., TGF‐β, EGF, and FGF) and inflammatory cytokines (for example, IL‐4, IL‐13, and TNF‐α) may also contribute to ASMC dysfunction in diseases such as asthma. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is asthma.