β-Asarone enhances the learning and memory abilities of AD model rats, improves relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), reduces lactate and pyruvate levels in brain tissue, increases Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and downregulates hippocampal ET-1 mRNA expression, exhibiting vascular protective effects in AD rats (Li et al., 2012). Here, EDN1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.