Comparative analysis of these communication networks revealed that while PAQR5 + malignant cells and PAQR5- malignant cells exhibited similar levels of received signaling, PAQR5 + malignant cells demonstrated significantly higher levels of outgoing (sent) signals, indicating a potential role of PAQR5 in enhancing tumor cell-secreted signaling (Fig. 5D). This evidence concerns the gene PAQR5 and neoplasm.