For instance, Compta and colleagues reported that 12 of the 38 tested cytokines were significantly increased (FGF-2, CCL-11, fractalkine, INF-a2, IL-10, CCL-7, IL12-p40, CCL-22, IL-17, IL-6, MIP-1β, and TNFα) in CSF in MSA compared to non-MSA cases including patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and health controls [11]. This evidence concerns the gene CX3CL1 and multiple system atrophy.