For instance, APT1 and APT2 can rapidly depalmitoylate substrates like Ras, restoring their cytosolic localization and bypassing PAT blockade [88].Developing selective inhibitors for specific isoforms like ZDHHC9 or ZDHHC20, which are linked to tumor progression and immune checkpoint regulation, is particularly challenging due to compensatory mechanisms within the ZDHHC network. This evidence concerns the gene ZDHHC9 and neoplasm.