In these models, CFTR dysfunction is associated with decreased of surface liquid volume, similar to what is seen in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis, where the absence or dysfunction of CFTR in airway epithelium leads to thickened secretions and reduced mucociliary transport, resulting in mucus retention and plugging of airways, favoring persistent bacterial infections and inflammation [39]. This evidence concerns the gene CFTR and cystic fibrosis.