CD4 and infection: Furthermore, CD4 Tem and CD4 Te levels were significantly higher in HAART-treated patients compared to those with chronic infection (Tem: 6.95 ± 3.95% vs. HAART-t, p < 0.05; Te: 17.08 ± 7.42% vs. HAART-t, p < 0.05) and new infections (Tem: 6.14 ± 2.49% vs. HAART-t, p < 0.01; Te: 12.85 ± 5.14% vs. HAART-t, p < 0.001) (Figure 2C,D), implying sustained immune activation despite therapy.