However, although recent studies have acknowledged the importance of APOE4 by including it as a covariate,18,19,20,21 scarce population-based data exist on whether APOE4 modifies the associations of blood-based neurodegenerative biomarkers with cognitive decline, particularly in diverse, biracial populations of community-dwelling older adults without dementia. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Mental deterioration.