A non-human primate model of ICANS demonstrated an elevation of CSF cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-2, GM-CSF, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), together with CAR-T and non-CAR-T-cell accumulation in the CSF and brain parenchyma, similar to that seen in non-infectious encephalitis [10]. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and infectious encephalitis.