HSPG2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: More interestingly, myristoyl-CM4 (0.5 μM, 1 μM) could significantly increase M1 marker levels (iNOS, CD86) in the HCC/macrophage co-culture system, especially in PLC/PRF-5/macrophage co-xenograft tumors, demonstrating its ability to promote macrophage M1 polarization.