However, our findings regarding the altered expression patterns of YAP, CTGF, and CYR61 in bAVM tissue suggest a potential dysregulation of the Hippo pathway, which is different from what we initially expected based on findings in retinal diseases and certain cancers, where the Hippo pathway is typically inactive, and YAP is upregulated. Here, CCN2 is linked to Abnormal retinal morphology.