MMT plays a crucial role in renal fibrosis through various mechanisms, including the transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1)/Smad3 signaling pathway and natural killer T cell (NKT)/IL-4 signaling pathway, as well as the adiponectin/APK pathway and ALD/MR/TGF-β 1 signaling pathway [130,131]. Here, SMAD3 is linked to renal fibrosis.