AKT1 and melanoma: Additionally, (S)-(-)-N-[2-(3-Hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl)-ethyl]-acetamide (SA), a novel compound derived from Selaginella pulvinata leaves, significantly inhibits melanoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and autophagy by potentially involving the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.