Proving these, exploratory studies on the oral cancer cell lines YD-9 and CA9-22 indicated phloretin up-regulation effects upon the apoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c, PARP, caspases 3 and caspase 9 alongside the apoptotic activating factor (APAF), concomitantly with phloretin down-regulation effects upon the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 [165]. The gene discussed is CASP9; the disease is lip and oral cavity carcinoma.