The objectives of this study were to ascertain the influence of surgical resection on local inflammatory changes in PM, evaluate the effects of TI and PDT on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment, and determine the utility of PD-1 blockade to augment the antitumor efficacy of PDT in the setting of surgical immunosuppression. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.