PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Multiple clinical trials have indicated the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1-targeted monoclonal antibodies, including nivolumab (checkmate159, NEOSTAR) [4, 5], atezolizumab (LCMC3) [6], sintilimab (17013726), and pembrolizumab (keynote001, keynote010) [7], in increasing the overall survival and prognosis of individuals diagnosed with NSCLC [8].