Data on whether RAAS is elevated in PCOS compared to controls are contradictory, with some studies reporting elevated plasma renin (Alphan et al., 2013; Hacihanefioglu et al., 2000; Jaatinen et al., 1995), angiotensin II (Arefi et al., 2013) or aldosterone (Cascella et al., 2006) versus controls, whereas others report no difference (Stone et al., 2023). Here, REN is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.