Since NDP52 is known to play key role in xenophagy, we do not exclude the possibility that, despite the findings that highlight a pro-mitophagy function of NDP52G140E in MS, a beneficial effect on pathological Tau degradation in AD, this variant may also emerge as a novel link among (1) xenophagy, a form of selective autophagy of pathogens (such as bacteria and viruses) and (2) viral infections known to be associated to MS and AD (i.e., EBV, one of the main environmental risk factors for MS and AD). Here, CALCOCO2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.