Alport syndrome is an important genetic cause of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure that can arise from pathogenic variants in any of three genes – COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 – which together encode the collagen IV alpha345 scaffolds of basement membranes in the kidney, cochlea, and eye (Kashtan, 2017). This evidence concerns the gene COL4A5 and kidney failure.