A study has assessed the efficacy of TIPS combined with Lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors in advanced HCC patients with SPH, demonstrating a lower recurrence rate of SPH and acceptable side effects (ORR 38.5%; 95% CI 11.8%-61.6%, OS 16.5 months; 95% CI 16.1–17.0) [200]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.