INS and diabetes mellitus: According to the SHAP values, the nine features that most contributed to diagnosing diabetes were glycohemoglobin (0.086), glucose (0.045), fasting glucose (0.039), age (0.023), cholesterol (0.011), osmolality (0.009), BMI (0.007), blood urea nitrogen (0.006), and insulin (0.005) (Figure 3a,b).