CX3CL1 and Parkinson disease: However, the impact of fractalkine on neurodegeneration still appears controversial, disruption of its signaling being beneficial in some disease states (e.g., amyloid pathology and stroke) and yet detrimental in other neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and tauopathies) (Finneran and Nash, 2019).