The gingipain virulence factors of P. gingivalis promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and accelerate inflammatory responses by regulating the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, which are also involved in TIMP1-mediated colon cancer progression and metastasis (Liu et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and malignant colon neoplasm.