GABPA and melanoma: The PW group exhibited significantly lower glycolysis level than the other three groups (Fig. 2j), consistent with higher expression of Gabpa and Bhlhe40 (Supplementary Fig. 4b), which support mitochondrial function.38,39 This lower glycolysis score was observed across all TME cell components in the PW group, aligning with public melanoma cohort data (Fig. 2k, and Supplementary Fig. 4c, d).40 Moreover, patients with higher deconvoluted glycolysis scores had poorer prognosis in two immunotherapy cohorts with follow-up information (i.e., BLCA and melanoma) (Fig. 2l).