Furthermore, the reduction of M. tuberculosis survival in macrophages and mice by ATO-dependent UBE2O inhibition suggests that the development of arsenic-based drugs could be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating tuberculosis, particularly in individuals with immunosuppression due to cancers or cancer treatments, because ATO is a first-line treatment drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and has also shown antitumor effects in various cancers (5). This evidence concerns the gene UBE2O and acute promyelocytic leukemia.