However, collagen transcription is downregulated in the skeletal muscle of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mice, which may be due to the inhibition of collagen synthesis by low levels of TGF-β and an accumulation of AGEs (35), and the concomitant increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs may also promote collagenolysis (36). Here, TGFB1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.