Mechanistically, tanshinone IIA ameliorates renal fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-β/TSP-1 (Fan et al., 2024), regulating NRF2/NLRP3 (Zhang et al., 2024), NF-κB (Wang D. et al., 2015), miR-34-5p/Notch1 axis (Zhang and Yang, 2022), and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and renal fibrosis.