PPP1R3A and neurodegenerative disease: In terms of future direction of investigation, we can continue to comprehensively evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of Rg1 through large-scale, multi-center clinical trials; improve the bioavailability and targeting accuracy of Rg1 using advanced technologies like nanotechnology; explore potential synergies with current treatments to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects; and conduct a deeper analysis of the molecular pathways that mediate the effects of Rg1 to fully understand its role in neurodegenerative disease treatment.