The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome promotes the secretion of Caspase-1, which secretes downstream cytokines, NF-κB, TNFα, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, and then induces apoptosis, which NLRP3 cascade has been implicated CNS disorders such as depression (Beckwith et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to depressive disorder.