Our research revealed that, compared with those in healthy individuals, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, which favorably regulate cell-mediated immunity and exert certain antitumor effects, are generally elevated in the serum of advanced NSCLC patients. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.