HMGB1 and rheumatoid arthritis: In proinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, HMGB1 modulates the Treg/Th17 balance towards Th17 cells and thus enhances the Th17-associated pathogenic immune response (52); this may also occur in psoriasis since activated HMGB1-RAGE signalling and a Th17-dominated immune response function in the progression of psoriasis.