More specifically, the resemblance of SSc to fibrotic syndromes associated to toxic exposure such as polyvinyl chloride (12), contaminated rapeseed oil (Spanish toxic oil syndrome) (13), L-tryptophane contained products (eosinophilia myalgia syndrome) (14), and gadolinium (nephrogenic systemic fibrosis) (15), favors the implication of an environmental trigger, whereas the presence of an early type I interferon signature and activation of TLR8 by EBV genes found in monocytes from patients with SSc, suggest a possible viral etiology (16). The gene discussed is TLR8; the disease is systemic sclerosis.