However, the abnormal expression of homeobox genes can promote oncogenic transformation and tumorigenesis.[10, 11] Notably, several homeobox genes, such as HOXC10, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).[12] Nevertheless, our understanding of the specific roles and mechanisms of homeobox genes in the tumorigenesis of ESCC remains limited. The gene discussed is HOXC10; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.