CSF1 and Neonatal sepsis: Importantly, following sepsis, BCG-vaccinated neonatal mice showed significantly lower circulating levels of IL- 6, KC and M-CSF compared to unvaccinated septic controls; thus, the protection of BCG in our model of neonatal sepsis may be, in part, via attenuation of the systemic inflammation as reported previously (Koeken et al. 2020).